AI Threat Alert
CVE-2026-25051
MEDIUMIf your organization uses n8n for AI agent orchestration or workflow automation, patch to version 1.123.2 immediately. A low-privileged user can craft a malicious workflow that hijacks admin sessions via XSS when those users interact with it — and n8n workflows routinely store API keys, database credentials, and LLM tokens. Session takeover here means full access to every credential embedded in your agent pipelines.
Affected Systems
| Package | Ecosystem | Vulnerable Range | Patched |
|---|---|---|---|
| n8n | npm | — | No patch |
Do you use n8n? You're affected.
Severity & Risk
Recommended Action
- 1. PATCH: Upgrade n8n to 1.123.2 immediately — this is the only complete fix. 2. AUDIT: Review n8n access logs for unexpected workflow modifications or unusual webhook activity, especially involving admin accounts. 3. ISOLATE: If patching is delayed, restrict n8n to internal network access only and enforce MFA on all accounts. 4. ROTATE: After patching, rotate all credentials stored in n8n workflows (API keys, DB passwords, tokens) as a precaution. 5. DETECT: Alert on workflow edits by non-admin users or on CSP violations in browser logs if you have endpoint visibility. 6. INVENTORY: Enumerate all credentials stored in n8n credential store and assess their blast radius if compromised.
Classification
Compliance Impact
This CVE is relevant to:
Technical Details
NVD Description
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to version 1.123.2, a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the handling of webhook responses and related HTTP endpoints. Under certain conditions, the Content Security Policy (CSP) sandbox protection intended to isolate HTML responses may not be applied correctly. An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse this to execute malicious scripts with same-origin privileges when other users interact with the crafted workflow. This could lead to session hijacking and account takeover. This issue has been patched in version 1.123.2.
Exploitation Scenario
An attacker with a low-privileged n8n account (e.g., a contractor or developer with workflow creation rights) creates a workflow that processes webhook responses containing a crafted XSS payload. The payload exploits the CSP sandbox bypass to execute JavaScript with same-origin privileges. The attacker then socially engineers or waits for a workspace admin to open or review the workflow. When the admin's browser executes the payload, their session token is exfiltrated to an attacker-controlled endpoint. With the admin session, the attacker silently exports all stored credentials from n8n, modifies existing AI agent workflows to route LLM queries through a logging proxy, and gains persistent access to every downstream system the AI agents are authorized to reach — including production databases, cloud APIs, and communication platforms.
Weaknesses (CWE)
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N